Cylinder liner for internal-combustion engines



March 9 1926 1,575,638

B. POCHOBRADSKY ET AL CYLINDER LINER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Ma tel-121, 1925 7:1" I I i Y w /NVENTOR:$.' I

BEDRICfl POCHOBRAOSKY BY GEORGE/Inf RMELLOR,

ATv QR/WEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT'OF-FIICE.

Patented Mar. 9, 1926.

IBEDRIGH IOCEOBRADSKY, 0F SIDCUP, AND GEORGE ARTHUR MELLOiR, OE WELLING;

ENGLAND.

CYLINDER LINER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed March 21, 1925. Serial No. 17,174.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, BEDRICH Poorro- BRADSKY, a subject of the King of England, residing at Sidcup, Kent, England, and GEORGE ARTHUR Mnnnon, a subject of the King of England, residing at Welling, Kent, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cylinder Liners for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to cylinder liners.

for internal combustion engines and the object of the combustion end of the cylinder liner, as well as topermit of outward expansion of the combustion end of said liner, and also to do away with any between the pressure gas tight spigot and the support for the said liner.

Generally a cylinder liner is formed with two external diameters at the combustion end, which fit into recesses of corresponding diameter in the main cylinder water jacket,

the difference between the two diameters providing a shoulder or landing for support of the said liner within the cylinder jacket.

It will be appreciated, therefore, that metallic contact exists between the cylinder liner and the cylinder jacket of most internal combustion engines, resulting in a combined mass of metal generally not effectively cooled, causing the liner to be fixed rigidly, and preventing any kind of flexioutward which (when an engine is in operation) .is subjected. to high temperatures. 7

Again, the cylinder liners of internal combustion en ines separate cy inder head or cover are with a recess into which the cylin or head or cover is spigoted, and packing'is sand-- wiched between the recess provided, for making a pressure tight joint. Generally this joint is subjected to the total screwing down load brought about by bolts or studs passingl through the cylinder head for securing this ead in place, to withstand the pressure conditions which occur, on its underside when the engine is running. Now it will be seen that for this screwing down load to make a pressure tight joint with the liner, the liner must be supported on its outer diameter in the cylinder jacket, and it is therefore stepped as prethe invention is to cool effectively bending stresses expansion of said liner,

when such engines have a rovided the spigot and the liner inviously described to provide the necessary.

support.

Since in the general design of cylinder heads and liners the mean diameter cylinder jacket, a bending moment occurs in that part of the liner between the spigot and support which is considered to be detrimental to the hot end of the liner, producing metal, especially with the added heat stresses set up tion, consequently the metal thicknesses of such' liners are usually large and heavy,

stresses which are weakening to the by heat from the combusand possess no freedom of expansion, which in time results in deterioration and wear of the bore of the liner.

According to the present invention a cyl-- inder liner for an internal combustion'engine has an of to receive the spigot on the cylinder head, and a supporting shoulder adapted to rest on an annular projection formed in the cylinder jacket directly below'and coaxial with the cylinder head spigot. Holes for cooling fluid.may be formed in that part of the liner situated between the supporting shoulder and the cylinder head spigot, an

further the cylinder jacket may be recessedat its to end to provide a space for cooling fluid an for external the combustion end of the cylinderliner.

A. prefered' form of construction accord ing to the invention is illustrated in theac i companying drawing which shows a central vertical section of a cylinder, cover and liner, of a heavy oil engine, the valves being omitted.

As shown a liner a made of steel, is disposedin a cylinder jacket?) and surrounded by a water space 0. The upper portion of the liner (1 is recessed as at d for the spigot e of the cylinder head f, and thesupporting surfiace or shoulder g' of the liner a, which rests on a projection k in the cylinder jacket 6, comes directly below the spigot e of the cylinder head f. This shoulder g isin the form of a coaxial flange depending from a peripheral flange j and the lower and outer peripheral surfaces of this coaxial flange g t into annular recess in the end therethe cylinder jacket b and thus theradial expansion of liner a becomes registered in the cylinder jacket Z2 at this portion only, while the up? per portion of the liner is in contact with the water passing through the jackets.

In between the actual metal thickness forming the barrel of the liner a, and the metal forming the coaxial flange g resting on the piston, in addition to the crushing load due to bolting down the cylinder head 7.

The strength of the metal through the water hole section is substantial enough to withstand the crushing load due to bolting down the cylinder head f, but possesses the added advantage of permitting the upper portion of the liner a to be able to expand or contract as heat changes occur. Provision is made in the spigot diameters for this variation by clearances therearound.

Preferably in this construction toughened steel liners or liners of high tensile steel are used, but a similar construction is also applioable to cast iron or other suitable metals.

The water space 0 in the cylinder jacket I) is so shaped as to give the water circulating through the jacket a high velocity around the hottest portion of the liner.

The liner water spaces can be cleaned, or

examined without removing the liner, and any sediment-which might collect in or near the holes can be removed when the cylinder head is lifted. a

We claim a 1. An improved cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine having an annular recess in the end thereof to receive the mg shoulder having a coaxial flange adapted to rest on an annular projection formed in the cylinder jacket directly below and coaxial with the cylinder head spigot.

2. A cylinder liner as claimed in claim 1, wherein holes for cooling fluid are formed in the coaxial flange between the supporting shoulder and the cylinder jacket whereby cooling fluid can circulate from said cylinder jacket to said cylinder head.

3. In an internal combustion engine the combination of a cylinder liner, cylinder head and cylinder jacket wherein the said liner has an annular recess in the end thereof to receive the spigot on the cylinder head, and a shoulder supported by an annular projection formed in the cylinder jacket directly below and coaxial with the cylinder head spigot, the said jacket being recessed at the top end to provide a space for cooling fluid and for external radial expansion of the combustion end of the said ll'ner which has holes for cooling fluid formed in that portion between the shoulder and cylinder head spi ot, substantially 'as described.

In testimony whereof we have affixed our signatures.

BEDRICI-I POCHOBRADSKY. GEORGE ARTHUR MELLOR.

spigot on the cylinder head, and a support- 

